General Facts
- TYPE
Anti-runway bomb - ORIGIN
France - NICKNAMES
BLU-107 (US military) - DESIGNED
Early to mid 1970's - DESIGNER
Matra - PRODUCTION
Late 1970's - present - PRODUCERS
France - Matra - QUANTITY
29.000 in 1986 - UNIT COST
Unknown - CHARACTERISTICS
Very effective against runways
Damage pattern difficult to repair
Must be dropped while flying over the runway
Introduction
The Durandal is a penetration bomb of French origin. It was developed in the early 1970's at the request of the French air force. It is specifically developed for use against runways. The design is based on an earlier French-Israeli development which proved very successful during the 1967 Six Day War. The Durandal is named after a mythical medieval sword.
Design
Externally the Durandal looks more like a missile than a bomb since it has a long an thin body. The Durandal functions in a unique way. When dropped it is retarded by a parachute until it faces downwards upon which a rocket motor located in the middle of the weapon is fired. The velocity created by the rocket motor allows it to penetrate the runway. The warhead that is located at the front then explodes beneath the runway for maximum damage.
Firepower
The Durandal is capable of penetrating 38 cm of concrete before the warhead explodes. The limited size 15 kg warhead does much more damage than a much heavier conventional bomb would achieve. The Durandal results in a crater 2 meters deep and 5 meters wide. Around the crater the tarmac is dislodged resulting in a damage area of 150 to 275 squared meters depending on runway thickness.
Platform
The Duranal can be carried by a wide variety of aircraft, most of which are of French origin. The list includes the Jaguar, Mirage 3, Mirage 5, Mirage F1, Mirage 2000, Super Etendard, Hawk, Alpha Jet, A-4 Skyhawk, F-5 Tiger, F-4 Phantom, F-16 Fighting Falcon and F-111 Aardvark. All aircraft can carry multiple Durandals due to its limited weight. On some externals stores mounts two durandals can be fitted behind each other.
Users
The Durandal was acquired by France and nearly 20 other nations. During the 1991 Gulf War the Durandal was dropped by both French and US forces.
Durandal
The Durandal is a penetration bomb developed specifically for use against airfields. It is a unique bomb as it is first retarted by parachute and then boosted by a rocket for extra penetration. No variants of the Durandal were developed.
- Specifications:
- Durandal
Type | Penetration bomb |
---|---|
Diameter | 0.223 m |
Wingspan | 0.42 m |
Length | 2.49 m |
---|---|
Weight | 185 kg |
Warhead | 15 kg HE |
Guidance | None, free fall |
---|---|
Launch envelope | Up to Mach 1.8 at 10 km |
Remarks | 356 mm lug spacing |